Movement of Substance Quiz 2

The strong salt solution is a hypertonic solution. Water from the red blood cell moves out into the surrounding salt solution, which has a lower concentration of water, by osmosis. The red blood cell shrinks.

Solution increases the solution becomes more and more hypotonic to the cell sap in the potato tuber . Water gradually move out of the potato cells into the surrounding sucrose solution by osmosis resulting in a drop in mass of potato sample

Absorption of nitrates occur against the concentration gradient using energy from respiration in root hair cells. Oxygen gas molecules from the soil air diffuse down a concentration gradient into the root hair cells, through the partially permeable membrane of the root cells. Water, which is at a higher concentration in the soil water moves across the partially permeable membrane of the root cells by osmosis.

Active transport is responsible for the rapid uptake of mineral salts by plants. The plant continues to absorb nitrate ions even when the concentration of nitrates ions in the cells is higher than that in the soil, i.e. against the concentration gradient.

Active transport involves the transport of solute molecules against the concentration gradient i.e. from low to high concentration, using energy obtained from the oxidation of glucose by oxygen during tissue respiration.

The 10% sucrose solution is a hypertonic solution. A net flow water out of the vacuoles of the turgid plant cells by osmosis occurs, plasmolysis occur and the plant tissue shrinks and become flaccid.

Definition of osmosis: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential across a partially permeable membrane.

The cellular cell wall is fully permeable that allows all molecules to pass through it. The cell membrane is a selectively or a partially permeable membrane that allows only certain substances to pass through it and not others.

Water has a higher water potential than glucose solution. Water molecules moves into the glass tube down a water potential gradient by Osmosis causing the water level to rise. At the same time, glucose diffuses out of the last tube, but at a slower rate. This slowly raise the water potential of glucose solution (becoming less concentrated) resulting in water molecules moving out.

Active transport involves the transport of solute molecules against the concentration gradient i.e. from low to high concentration, using energy obtained by tissue respiration.