Movement of Substance Quiz 1

Processes B and C involve active transport which requires energy as the ions and sugars are moving against a concentration gradient. In Process D, water first enters the roots by osmosis then up the stem to leaves by transpiration pull.

Water from the cell moves out into the surrounding salt solution, which has a lower concentration of water, by Osmosis through the partially permeable cell membrane. The red blood cell shrinks. The cell wall is a fully permeable layer.

Water moves into a cell via Osmosis . Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential (water) to a solution of lower water potential (the plant cell) , across a partially permeable membrane.
Option A is incorrect. The cell membrane is partially permeable
Option B is incorrect. The cell wall is fully permeable
Option D is incorrect. Water moves into a cell via osmosis

Higher concentration of solute (methylene blue) and small volume of agar (and therefore a higher SA/V ratio) facilitate the straining process.

Active transport is the movement of substances against a concentration gradient, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. Energy is required to drive the process.
Option A is incorrect. movement of Ions into root hair (not up the xylem) is an example of active transport. Ions dissolved in water move up the xylem via transpiration pull.

Option B is incorrect. Water moves into root hairs cell via osmosis.

Option C is correct. The update of glucose by cells of villi is via are active transport.

Option D is incorrect, uptake of oxygen by red blood cells is via diffusion.

A concentration gradient or a difference in concentration between soil solution and root hair cytoplasm is required for diffusion and osmosis . Both processes do not require energy. Active transport involves the transport of solute against the concentration gradient i.e. from low to high concentration. The process requires energy obtained from the oxidation of glucose y oxygen during tissue respiration in root hair cells.

Active transport is the movement of substances against concentration gradient using energy , since the concentration of glucose in the small intestine is low, it passes the lower concentration (small intestine) to higher concentration (blood) by active transport.

Absorption of nitrates occurs against the centration gradient using energy from respiration in root cells. Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in leaves occurs by diffusion down a concentration gradient, i.e. from a region of higher concentration of the gas to a region with lower concentration, through the stomata. Absorption of water involves osmosis.

Heat destroy the cell membrane of plant cells causing them to lose their selective property and become permeable to all molecules.

The cell wall is fully permeable and allows all substances to pass through .It’s inelasticity allows a cell to become turgid by preventing the cell from bursting. This is done through supporting the cell membrane as the turgor pressure inside is the cell pushes against the cell wall.